[Mashiro]

Both Microsoft Edge and Google Chrome rely the Windows network proxy settings while Firefox has its own dedicated proxy settings. Check if you have a proxy enabled in Windows and make sure to disable proxy auto configuration.

A additional difference is that both Microsoft Edge and Google Chrome rely on the Windows certificate storage for SSL certificates and etc. while Firefox again has its own inbuild certificate storage. Not sure what to do about that but what if your Windows certificate storage is broken or something like that.

Do you have some kind of antivirus software that also has web plugins or similar? Turn off that kind of feature.